Temporal lobe amnesia

How serious is temporal lobe epilepsy? Is temporal a part of your brain? What causes anterograde amnesia? Though descriptions of the condition are based on fewer than 1cases published in. Psychology Definition of TEMPORAL LOBE AMNESIA : a memory disorder, secondary to damage of the temporal lobe , which inhibits the cultivation of new memories.

In many cases, the learning appears to depend on a residual ability to acquire conscious (declarative) knowledge. In addition, the lateral temporal cortex was shrunken and gliotic. The findings illuminate a number of issues about memory, perception, and cognition and about the functions of medial and lateral temporal lobe.

The attacks are frequent, usually around times each year in untreated patients. Transient epileptic amnesia has been considered a syndrome of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with recurrent episodes of amnesia (ictal or postictal). Space-occupying lesions may be primary brain tumours - benign (such as meningioma) or malignant. They may also be secondary tumours or metastatic carcinoma, most often from lung cancer or breast cancer. Frontal Lobe Proactive Interference Temporal Order Judgment Amnesic Patient Frontal Lesion These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors.

This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. In early studies of medial-temporal-lobe amnesia in monkeys, the cortex underlying the hippocampus and amygdala was always damaged because the lesions were made by aspiration. Hippocampectomy in rats usually involves damage to a small area of overlying __________ so that the aspiration can be performed. This involved removing a portion of Henry’s temporal lobe, including parts of the hippocampus and amygdala, from both sides of the brain.

Resection is still used today to treat severe epilepsy. It is a highly precise surgical procedure, informed by advanced brain imaging and a detailed knowledge of the brain. Medial temporal lobe amnesia refers to amnesia that happens due to damage to the medial temporal lobe.

The hippocampus is located in the medial temporal lobe and is a key structure in the. Profound amnesia from bilateral medial temporal lobe lesions. Causes of such lesions include infections, tumours, epilepsy and bilateral occlusion of the posterior cerebral artery. Subjects with such lesions will have preserved performance at tasks requiring intact immediate memory (e.g. digit span).

At the level of the amygdala, the damage extends lateral to the parahippocampal gyrus to include the anterior fusiform gyrus ( on the left, on the right). Finally, the lateral temporal cortex and the insula are somewhat reduced in volume bilater- ally (and reductions, respectively). Early primate models of human medial temporal lobe amnesia emphasized the role of the hippocampal formation and amygdaloid complex. The temporal lobe spiking lends credence to the thought that transient global amnesia occurs as the result of seizure activity.

The amnesia recurred in absence of bradycardia and hypotension. MTL not necessary for these tasks. Psychogenic amnesia is a type of conversion disorder, meaning that a psychiatric complaint manifests as a more physical deficit. Unlike TGA, patients with psychogenic amnesia forget their name or other pieces of autobiographical information.

Consequently, transient epileptic amnesia may be readily misdiagnosed as a nonepileptic memory dysfunction in older individuals. The medial temporal lobe was identified as an important neural structure in human memory by the advent of patient H. Attacks are frequent, often occur on waking and typically respond promptly to anticonvulsants. The system consists of the hippocampal region (CA fields, dentate gyrus, and subicular complex) and the adjacent perirhinal, entorhinal, and parahippocampal cortices.

Anterograde amnesia could mostly result from head trauma but in some cases the cause could be serebrovascular events, Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome, santral nervous system enfections, anoxia or various substances. The “lateral” temporal lobe measurement was obtained after subtraction of the “medial temporal” lobe volume from the “temporal lobe” volume. Thus, the boundaries of the “lateral” temporal lobe incorporated the temporo-polar region as well as the superior, middle, and inferior temporal lobe gyri, and the anterior portion of the fusiform gyrus.

Typically, RA is caused by damage to the medial temporal lobe , the diencephalon, and the basal forebrain.